Abantu abaningi bayayazi imiphumela yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) esikhwameni somuntu futhi bafuna ukwazi ukuthi lokhu kukhanya okungabonakali kuthinta kanjani izitshalo. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kuhlukaniswe ku-UV-A, UV-B, ne-UV-C, ngalinye linezimpawu ezihlukile.

Ngakho-ke, baxhumana kanjani nezitshalo?   Ukukhanya kwe-UV Ngabe izitshalo zihlangana malini endaweni yazo yemvelo?   Uma ukhula insangu, kufanele ungeze ngokukhethekile ukukhanya kwe-UV?   Ngabe ukukhanya kwe-UV kwenza izitshalo zakho ziqine, noma zibangela ukulimala?

Lo mbhalo uzohlola le mibuzo nawe. Ukusuka emithonjeni ye-UV Light emiphumeleni yayo ezitshalweni, nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukukhanya kwe-UV ngokuphephile nangendlela efanele, lezi zinkinga azigcini ngokuzwakalayo noma ngabe izitshalo zakho zikhula kahle.

 

 

Imiphi imisebe ye-UV nokuthi yini eyazidala yona?

Ake siqale siqonde ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) kusuka ekubukeni kwansuku zonke.

Okokuqala, UVA: Ukukhanya kwe-UV nge-wavelength ka-400-315 NM kunokungena okuqinile, ukufinyelela ekujuleni kwi-dermis futhi kuthinte i-melanin ku-epidermis, kubangele ukuba mnyama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iyanqwabelana futhi iba ngesinye sezizathu zokuguga kwesikhumba kanye nomonakalo omkhulu. Phakathi kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet elangeni, ama-UVA afaka ama-95% futhi anokuhlanza kanye nemiphumela yokuvimbela umzimba.

Okulandelayo, i-UVB: Ukukhanya kwe-UV nge-wavelength ka-320-280 NM kune-SGRECT ENGEL futhi kungalimaza isikhumba somuntu. Kodwa-ke, idonswa kalula yi-Ozone, okwenza i-UVB ngamaphesenti angama-5 kuphela emisebe ye-ultraviolet elangeni.

Ekugcineni, i-UVC: UVC inamandla amakhulu kepha icishe yamunca ngokuphelele ungqimba lwe-ozone. Empilweni yansuku zonke, kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengamalambu amaGenericidal.

Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ngokuyinhloko ngokuyinhloko izinhloso ezinjengokubulala inzalo, ukwelashwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nezicelo zezokwelapha. Ezitshalweni, i-UV isetshenziswa kakhulu ngokuqinisa inzalo ekhulayo.

 

Imithombo yokukhanya ye-UV ifaka amalambu we-Hursury, ama-LED, amalambu we-XENON, namalambu wensimbi . Phakathi kwalokhu, izibani ze-mercury kanye nama-LEDs asetshenziswa kakhulu. Amalambu weMercury akhipha ukukhanya kusetshenziswa amagesi, ngenkathi ama-LED akhipha ama-elektroni. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, i-UV ye-LED kancane ithathe indawo yendabuko yendabuko ngoba ama-LED akhangiswa ukuze abe nesikhathi sokuphila isikhathi eside.

 

Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokuphoqelela ekhangisiwe ilinganiswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, ukufakwa kwe-chip nokuvikelwa kwemikhiqizo ye-LED ye-UV kuvame ukwehluleka kuqala, kunikeza umkhiqizo ungasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucubungula amanani entengo kagesi endawo, izindleko zokulungisa, nezindleko zokwanela lapho ukhetha umkhiqizo ofanele.

Ngabe izitshalo ngokwemvelo zithola ukukhanya kwe-UVB, futhi kubathinta kanjani?

Izitshalo zingadonsa ukukhanya kwe-UVB. Njengengxenye yelanga, i-UVB uhlobo lokukhanya okubahlangabezana nalo ngokwemvelo. Izitshalo ziphendula ekukhanyeni, njengokuvula i-stomata yazo noma kukhula zibheke ekukhanyeni (esimweni sezitshalo ezithanda ilanga). Ukukhanya kwe-UV, izitshalo ziphendula ikakhulukazi umshini owaziwa ngokuthi yi-UV yokumelana ne-8 (Jenkins, GI, 2014).

 

Njengoba i-UV eyeqile ilimaza izitshalo, ukusabela kokuqala abakubonisayo kuyimpendulo yokuzivikela. UV uvusa izitshalo ngokwemvelo ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuvikela, njengeThomes, ukulwa nemithombo elula yokukhanya. Le nqubo empeleni ithuthukisa umthamo we-antioxidant wesitshalo.

 

Ukusabela kwesibili kuyimpendulo yokwenziwa, eyenzeka ngemuva kwempendulo yokuzivikela. Ngaphansi kokukhuthaza kwe-UV, izitshalo zingakhiqiza izinhlobo eziyi-15 zezinto zokuvikela. Lawa maprotheni abonisa ngokuhlukile ezinhlotsheni zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene futhi angathuthukisa ama-pigmentation, iphunga, ama-metabolites athile, kanye nokumelana nezifo.

Ingabe izitshalo zakho zidinga ngempela i-UV?

Ekutshalweni kwansuku zonke, ukukhanya kwe-UV kungasetshenziselwa inzalo, ukudala indawo ephephile yezitshalo. UV futhi uthinta izinambuzane ezithile. Kodwa-ke, le misebenzi ibonakala inomthelela ngokuyinhloko imvelo kunokuba izuze ngqo izitshalo ngokwazo. Ngakho-ke, ingabe isitshalo sakho siyayidinga ngempela i-UV?

Ngaphambi kokuphendula lo mbuzo, izici eziningana zidinga ukucaciswa:

• Ingabe ilitshe lesitshalo sothando selanga noma lomthunzi?

• Uyini umkhiqizo owufunayo esitshalweni sakho?

• Ngabe ukubuyiswa kuzokwanela yini ukucacisa ukutshala imali?

 

Umbuzo wokuqala ubalulekile futhi unganqunywa ngohlobo lwesitshalo, noma indawo.

 

Uma isitshalo sivame ukukhula ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu noma ezindaweni ezivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthanda ilanga. Izitshalo ezinjalo zivame ukudinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi futhi zithole ukukhanya kwe-UVB njengengxenye ye-photosynthesis. Lezi zitshalo zivame ukuba namaqabunga aminyene kanye nama-stomata amaningi ukuze alawule amanzi.

 

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isitshalo sivame ukukhula emahlathini, amakani, noma emaxhaphozi, kungenzeka ukuthi sithanda umthunzi, njengama-mosses nama-ferns. Lezi zitshalo azidingi ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi futhi zingabhekana nomonakalo obalulekile ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-UV.

Umbuzo wesibili usiza ekuboneni ukuthi ukusekelwa kwe-UV kuyadingeka. Ucwaningo lwamanje lukhombisa ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-UV kungakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezine ezibalulekile:

Amakhompiyutha we-Phenolic	Amagilebhisi, u-anyanisi, nama-apula
Ama-Terpenoids	Okuvamile ku-mint ne-cannabis, kunikeza ukunambitheka okuhlukile nenani lezokwelapha
Ama-alkaloid	Etholakala ekhofi, i-morphine, nogwayi, owaziwa ngezakhiwo zawo ezivuselelayo
Glucosizolates	Eyaziwa ngezakhiwo zazo zokwelapha

Umbuzo wesithathu ubheka amakheli ukuthi ngabe amakhompiyutha angeziwe anganikeza ukubuyiselwa okwanele kokutshala imali.

Uma unguMlinganiseli Osezingeni Elincane usebenzisa itende elikhulayo noma ukusetha okungaphakathi ngamalambu akhawulelwe, i-UV ingakufanelekela ukucatshangelwa. Kodwa-ke, kubatshali abakhulu, lokhu kuba yinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Kokubili amalambu we-LED ne-HPS UV adinga ukuthenga okwengeziwe, ukushintshwa kwezindleko, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza. Njengoba i-UV ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kunokuba isivuno, ukubala ukuthi izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwe-UV zilungile yini kubalulekile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezikhanyayo, i-UV ibiza kakhulu, futhi ayikufanele ukutshalwa kwemali uma kungenjalo ukuthuthukisa imali engenayo. Ngenhlanhla, inani lentengo yezinhlelo ze-UV sencipha, linikeza ezinye izinketho zabathengi futhi livumela izilimo eziningi ukuze zizuze ku-UV ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ethuthukisiwe.

 

Ukubala ukubuyela ku-Investment (ROI) yezinhlelo ze-UV ezisuselwa kunani lemakethe kanye nenzuzo yezomnotho yesitshalo sakho esiqondisiwe kubalulekile.

 

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lokhu kucatshangelwa kukusiza unqume ukuthi ungangeza i-UV ekusethweni kokulima kwakho. Funa izeluleko kwi-Intanethi noma ochwepheshe ukuze uthole ukuqonda okwengeziwe kwezitshalo zakho ezithile.

 

Ngabe i-cannabis iyayidinga ngempela i-UV?

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Yini ukulimala kwe-UV?

Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UV yilezi:

Ukuze wandise ukukhiqizwa kwamakhompiyutha athile, njengoba kuxoxwe ngaphambili.

Ukufaka inzalo yemvelo ekhulayo, kwenze ihlanzeke.

Ngakho-ke, ukungahambi kahle kokusetshenziswa kwe-UV kuzobuye kususelwe kulezi zimo ezimbili.

Umthelela kubantu

Lapho usebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UV, kungavutha 'amehlo abantu. Esikhathini esifushane, kungadala ubuhlungu bamehlo, ukudwengula, nombono ofiphele. Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kungadala ukulimala okungaguquki ku-lens ne-retina.

I-UV nayo ingavutha Ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside kungahle kubuyise umdlavuza wesikhumba.

Umthelela ezitshalweni

Amaqabunga empeleni ango- 'isikhumba ' sezitshalo, futhi ukukhanya kwe-UV kungafana 'kubo. Ngokokuhlola okulula kwesayensi, umthombo wokukhanya we-UV wamaphuzu wabekwa endaweni yokuhlola ngaphezulu kwesitshalo sothando selanga. Ngenxa yezimpawu zomthombo wokukhanya, ukuqina kokukhanya kwasatshalaliswa kanjena: Isikhungo sasine-PPFD ephezulu kakhulu, encipha ngaphandle; Isikhundla esiphakeme, phezulu i-PPFD. Yize ukuhlolwa kungahle kungabi nzima ngokuphelele, kusetshenziswa i-array ye-PPFD njengezinga, lihlinzeka ngokuqonda ngemiphumela yokuqina kwe-UV ezitshalweni.

Isivivinyo sikhombise ukuthi ngaphansi kokuvezwa isikhathi eside, amaqabunga endaweni ene-UV enamandla kakhulu (isikhungo) saphenduka aphuzi-nsundu, sashwabene, saze sawa ngisho. Amaqabunga angaphandle akhombise 'amabala, ' izimpawu zomonakalo emaqabungeni.

(PPFD - PhotonSrynthetic Photon Flux density: Inani lama-Photon akhanyayo atholwe indiza ngokuphakama okuthile nangesikhathi)

Isiphetho: Sebenzisa ngokuqapha! UV ufana ne-icing ekhekheni. Uma wenelisekile ngesimo samanje sezitshalo zakho, asikho isidingo sokwengeza i-UV. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kungalimaza izitshalo, ngakho-ke i-UV ilungele kakhulu abatshali abaqeqeshiwe babheke ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

 

Uma uhlela ukwengeza i-UVS, yini okudingeka uyicabangele?

Ngemuva kokucatshangelwa okungenhla, usanquma ukwengeza ukukhanya kwe-UV, kunezingqinamba ezithile ezisebenzayo okufanele ukhulume ngazo:

Ungasilungisa kanjani kahle isibani se-UV ukugwema ukulimaza izitshalo nakubantu?

Abalimi abangochwepheshe kufanele benze ushintsho ngokuvikelwa okufanele endaweni efanele. Ngenkathi ukulungiswa okuningiliziwe kwe-PPFD akunakuchazwa ngokugcwele kule ndatshana, umgomo oyisisekelo yile: Isikhungo sine-PPFD ephezulu kakhulu, encipha ngaphandle; Ukuphakama kokubekwa, okuphezulu kwe-PPFD, kufana nelitshe. Udinga ukuguqula njalo ukuphakama, i-angle, kanye namandla okukhanya okukhulayo ukuthola ukusetha okufanele kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokusetha i-PPFD, kufanele futhi usungule umjikelezo wokukhanyisa wezitshalo zakho. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlaziya ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo oluthile kanye nesigaba sako sokukhula. Njengabantu, izitshalo zidinga ukuphumula, futhi uhlelo lomsebenzi ojwayelekile 'luthuthukisa ukusebenza kwalo. Ngesikhathi senqubo, ungakhetha ukukhula amalambu ngomsebenzi wesikhathi ukugwema izinguquko ezivame ukwenziwa. Abatshali basekhaya bangakhetha imikhiqizo enezici zokulawula kude, bezivumele ukuthi baqaphe futhi baphathe izitshalo zabo ngisho nalapho bengekho ekhaya.

 

Ingabe ukubeka umthombo wokukhanya we-UV phakathi ukuze uqinisekise ngisho nokusatshalaliswa kwengxabano namanye amalambu akho akhula?

Abatshali basekhaya, isikhala sezitshalo kwesinye isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu kunamathuluzi angeziwe. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukhethe ukukhula amalambu osayizi ofanele ukuze kumukelwe ukusetha kwakho.

 

Ungakwazi yini ukukhokha izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni sezibani ze-UV?

Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile, amalambu we-UV ngokuvamile anokuphila okufushane kunezinye izinhlobo zezibani ezikhulayo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ziholwa noma izibani zendabuko ze-UV. Ngenkathi ama-LED anempilo ende kunazo zonke ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, izinto zokupakisha zama-LED nazo zilimaza ngokushesha, zibenze bathambekele ekulimaleni kwangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa kusazodingeka. Imvamisa yokubuyiselwa emuva incike ekutheni uwasebenzisa kanjani amalambu, imvamisa yawo yokusebenza, nokuthi uyihlanza njalo.

 

Lezi izingqinamba ezinengqondo kakhulu okufanele zibhekwane nazo. Sethemba ukuthi, le ndatshana ikusizile ukuthi uthathe isinqumo sokuthi ungeze u-UV ulungile kuwe - noma wakuholela ekulahleni umbono ngokuphelele.

 

Lapho ukukhanya kukhula, kanjalo nolwazi. Ngiyethemba wonke umuntu uphefumulelwe ukwabelana ngethu!