Ukubuka: 0 Umbhali: ICEVER-Nancy Isikhathi Sokushicilela: 2026-07-28 Umsuka: ICEVER
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezivamile ezifana ne-High-Intensity Discharge (HID) noma ama-fluorescent bulbs, izibani ezikhulayo ze-LED zibonisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla okuphezulu kakhulu. Nakhu ukuhlukaniswa:
Izibani Zokukhipha Okunamandla Okuphezulu, ezifana nezibani ze-Metal Halide (MH) kanye ne-High-Pressure Sodium (HPS), zidumile ekutshalweni kwezitshalo ngenxa yokukhanya kwazo okunamandla. Kodwa-ke, okubi kwabo ukukhiqiza ukushisa okuphawulekayo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwamandla. Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa kujenali 'Applied Energy' ngo-2012 lwaphawula ukuthi amalambu e-HID aguqula kuphela cishe u-20-30% wamandla kagesi abe ukukhanya okuwusizo, kanti amanye amoshwa njengokushisa. Ukwengeza, amasistimu e-HID adinga izingxenye ezengeziwe njengama-ballasts nezibonisi, ezengeza ekusetshenzisweni kwazo konke kwamandla.
Lezi zibani, ezihlanganisa i-T5, i-T8, nezibani ze-fluorescent ezihlangene (CFLs), ziwonga kakhulu amandla kunama-HID, ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa izithombo nezitshalo ezincane.
Nokho, ukusebenza kahle kwabo kusephansi uma kuqhathaniswa nama-LED. I-athikili yocwaningo kokuthi 'Hort Science' ngo-2008 ibike ukuthi amalambu e-fluorescent abonisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla okungcono kunama-HID kodwa asenayo imikhawulo ku-spectrum yokukhanya kanye nokuphumayo okuphansi kwe-Photo-synthetically Active Radiation (PAR) ngewathi ngayinye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awasebenzi kahle ku-photosynthesis kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yesitshalo.
Izibani ze-LED ziphawula ukweqa okukhulu phambili ekukhanyeni kwe-horticultural, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo okukhethekile.
Ngokungafani namalambu e-HID namalambu e-fluorescent, ama-LED angaguqula u-40-50% wamandla kagesi ahlaba umxhwele abe yi-Photo-synthetically Active Radiation (PAR), okuwenza asebenze kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza kahle okuphakeme kusho ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-LED okungu-400W kungangena esikhundleni sokukhanya okukhulayo okungu-600W High-Pressure Sodium (HPS).
Isihluthulelo salokhu kusebenza kahle sisemandleni ama-LED okukhipha ukukhanya okugcwele, okuklanyelwe ukukhula kwesitshalo, kuhlanganiswe nokukhipha kwawo ukushisa okuphansi.
Lokhu kukhishwa kokushisa okuncishisiwe kunciphisa isidingo samasistimu okupholisa engeziwe. Ucwaningo lwango-2017 olushicilelwe kokuthi 'Imibiko Yesayensi' lugcizelele ukusebenza kahle kwezibani ze-LED ekulimeni kwangaphakathi, okugqamisa amandla azo okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kufika ku-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokukhanyisa ezivamile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi eside sokuphila kwezibani ze-LED sihumusha ukushintshwa okumbalwa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Impendulo emfushane ithi:
Kuya ngesikhathi se -Wattage / Running / Ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya kokukhula
Amalambu okukhula ayawudla ugesi ngoba aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanya kwelanga okwenziwa ezitshalweni.
Kodwa-ke, izibani zesimanje ezikhulayo ze-LED zinamandla kakhulu kunobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa bendabuko obufana ne-HPS (High Pressure Sodium) noma amalambu e-fluorescent.
Kodwa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla akusho ukuthi izibani ezikhulayo ze-LED azisebenzisi ugesi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwangempela kanye nezindleko zokusebenza kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:
I-wattage yokukhanya
Amahora okusebenza nsuku zonke
Indawo ekhulayo, kanye nezidingo zezitshalo.
Ukuqonda lezi zici kungasiza abalimi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile futhi bathuthukise utshalomali lwabo lokukhanyisa.
Ukuze unqume ukuthi kubiza malini izibani zokukhula, sebenzisa le fomula:
Izindleko Zansuku zonke = (Wattage ÷ 1000) × Amahora Asetshenzisiwe × Isilinganiso sikagesi
Isibonelo, uma ugesi ubiza u-$0.15 kWh ngayinye:
600W HPS (amahora angu-12 nsuku zonke): |
(600 ÷ 1000) × 12 × $0.15 = $1.08 ngosuku noma cishe u-$32.40 nyanga zonke |
300W LED (amahora angu-12 nsuku zonke): |
(300 ÷ 1000) × 12 × $0.15 = $0.54 ngosuku noma cishe u-$16.20 nyanga zonke |
Izidingo zokupholisa (ikakhulukazi izibani ze-HID)
Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi we-Ballast kumasistimu e-HID
Amasistimu okungenisa umoya
Izihlungi zekhabhoni kanye nokujikeleza komoya
Abalimi abasebenzisa imishini yokulima ezenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokugcwalisa bangase babone ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okwengeziwe, kodwa lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinye izindawo zokusebenza, okungenzeka zinciphise izindleko ezithile.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa obudala obuhlanganisa ne-HID nezinhlelo ze-fluorescent, izibani zesimanje ze-LED ziletha umnotho wesikhathi eside ongcono kakhulu wokutshalwa kwendlu kanye ne-greenhouse, ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
Isabelo esikhulu sikagesi osetshenzisiwe siguqulwa ngokuqondile sibe yi-Photo-synthetically Active Radiation (PAR), izitshalo zamandla okukhanya ezisebenzisekayo zithembele ku-photosynthesis.
Ukulungiswa kosiko kwe-HID kumosha iningi lamandla njengokushisa, kuyilapho ama-LED eprimiyamu efinyelela izinga eliphezulu kakhulu le-Photosynthetic Photon Efficacy (PPE), ekhiqiza ama-photon asebenziseka kalula ezitshalo ngewathi ngayinye yamandla.
Ngokungafani ne-HPS namalambu ensimbi e-halide akhipha amandla ashisayo ashisayo kuma-canopies ezitshalo, izibani zekhwalithi ephezulu ze-LED zikhiqiza ukushisa okukhazimulayo okuncane.
Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nomthwalo we-air conditioning, umoya omncane kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa ngaphakathi kwezikhala ezivaliwe zokukhula, ukunciphisa izindleko zamandla esibili ezivame ukunganakwa abalimi.
Uhlu lwe-LED oluthembekile lwezinga lezentengiselwano lungasebenza ngokuqhubekayo amahora angu-50,000+.
Ama-HID bulbs namashubhu e-fluorescent adinga ukushintshwa njalo phakathi kwamahora angu-10,000–20,000. Ukushintshwa kwemishini okumbalwa kwehlisa izindleko zokulungisa eziqhubekayo futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza.
Ukusebenza kokufiphalisa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kuvumela abalimi ukuthi bahlele amandla okukhanya ukuze ahambisane nezidingo zezitshalo kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula (izithombo, izitshalo, ukuqhakaza). Ama-Operators angadayela emuva amandla lapho i-PPFD ephezulu ingadingeki futhi isuse ukumosheka kwamandla okungagwemeka.
Isibonelo, ukukhanya kwe-LED yesimanje okuklanywe nge-PPE ephezulu kungakhiqiza amavolumu alinganayo noma amakhulu okukhanya okusebenziseka kwezitshalo okunomthamo ophansi wamandla wonkana uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani zefa.
Idatha yokulinywa komhlaba wangempela iqinisekisa ukuthi isilungiselelo se-LED esingu-400W esicaciswe kahle singafana nokusebenza okukhulayo kweyunithi evamile ye-600W HPS, iletha ukonga okuqhubekayo ezikweletini zikagesi.
Kwesinye isibonelo, i-LED yesimanje ikhula ukukhanya ene-PPE ephezulu (Photosynthetic Photon Efficacy) ingakhiqiza ukukhanya okwengeziwe okusebenziseka kwezitshalo isebenzisa ugesi omncane uma iqhathaniswa nezibani ezindala.
Abalimi bangonga amandla ngalokhu:
Ukukhetha ukukhanya kwe-LED esebenza kahle kakhulu
Ukusebenzisa izikhathi noma izilawuli ezihlakaniphile
Ukulungisa amandla okukhanya ngokwezigaba zokukhula kwezitshalo
Ukukhetha i-wattage efanele esikhundleni sokukhulisa usayizi wesistimu
Ukuthuthukisa ukufakwa kwegumbi nokungenisa umoya
Sicabanga ukuthi akunjalo.
Ukukhanya okukhulayo okungu-1000W akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo imiphumela engcono. Izici ezibalulekile yilezi:
I-PPFD (ukukhanya okutholwe izitshalo)
I-PPF (ingqikithi yokukhishwa kokukhanya)
I-PPE (ukusebenza kahle kwamandla)
Ukufana kokusabalalisa ukukhanya
Usayizi wendawo okhulayo
Ukukhanya kwe-LED okuklanywe kahle ngokuvamile kungazuza imiphumela engcono ngokusetshenziswa okuphansi kukagesi.
Amalambu okukhulisa ayawusebenzisa ugesi, kodwa izibani zesimanje ze-LED zenzelwe ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezitshalo kuyilapho kunciphisa izindleko zamandla. Ukukhetha i-wattage efanele kanye nesistimu yokukhanyisa esebenza kahle kungasiza abalimi bathole ukulingana okuhle phakathi kokusebenza kwezitshalo nokusetshenziswa kukagesi.
